What is a disadvantage of undersized piping in a distribution system?

Undersized piping in a distribution system primarily leads to pressure loss and reduced flow rates, which is a significant disadvantage. When the diameter of the pipes is smaller than necessary, it restricts the volume of water that can flow through, creating a bottleneck effect. This increased resistance within the piping can result in higher friction losses, ultimately causing a drop in pressure.

As a result, users at the end of the distribution line may experience inadequate water pressure, affecting the system's overall performance and reliability. The lower flow rates can hinder various applications, such as firefighting, irrigation, and domestic use, where adequate water supply is crucial. Understanding this disadvantage emphasizes the importance of properly sizing pipes in distribution systems to maintain optimal performance and efficiency.